Common Myths and Facts About Rectal Prolapse

Rectal prolapse can be uncomfortable to talk about, but understanding the facts is key to getting the right care. At NYGA, we treat patients with this condition every day, helping them find relief and improve their quality of life. In this blog, our experts break down what rectal prolapse is, who it affects, and separate common myths from facts so you can make informed decisions about your health.

What is rectal prolapse? 

Rectal prolapse occurs when the rectum (the last portion of the large intestine) slips down and, in some cases, protrudes outside the anus. It’s caused by weakening of the muscles and ligaments that support the rectum and is more common in individuals with chronic constipation, straining, or pelvic floor disorders. It can be diagnosed on physical exam, and often requires imaging or a colonoscopy to evaluate causes for the prolapse.

Who is most at risk? 

While it’s more frequently diagnosed in women over 50, rectal prolapse can affect men and younger adults, especially those with chronic bowel issues, nerve damage, connective tissue disorders, or prior pelvic surgeries.

Types of Rectal Prolapse 

• Internal prolapse: The rectum folds in on itself but doesn’t extend outside the anus
• Partial prolapse: Only part of the rectal lining slips out
• Complete prolapse: The entire rectal wall protrudes from the anus

Myth vs. Fact: Setting the Record Straight 

Myth #1: Rectal Prolapse Only Affects the Elderly 

Fact: While age is a risk factor, younger adults and even children can develop rectal prolapse, particularly if they have chronic constipation, cystic fibrosis, connective tissue disorders or certain neurological conditions.

Myth #2: It’s the Same as Hemorrhoids 

Fact: Hemorrhoids are swollen veins in the rectum or anus, which may also prolapse outside the anus. Rectal prolapse involves the rectum itself slipping out of position. The two conditions have different causes, symptoms, and treatments, so accurate diagnosis is key.

Myth #3: Rectal Prolapse Always Requires Surgery 

Fact: Not every case requires surgery. Mild prolapse may be managed with dietary changes, pelvic floor therapy, and treatment of underlying bowel issues. However, moderate to severe prolapse often does require surgical repair for lasting relief.

Myth #4: It’s Caused by Poor Hygiene 

Fact: Hygiene plays no role in causing rectal prolapse. It’s typically related to chronic straining, muscle weakness, nerve damage, or other medical conditions, not cleanliness.

Myth #5: You Can’t Live Normally with a Rectal Prolapse 

Fact: With proper treatment, many people with rectal prolapse return to normal activities. Surgery, lifestyle changes, and pelvic floor therapy can significantly improve comfort, bowel function, and quality of life.

Commonly Overlooked Symptoms 

Some signs of rectal prolapse may be mistaken for other conditions:

• A visible bulge or tissue protrusion from the anus
• Mucus or blood in stool
• A feeling of incomplete bowel emptying
• Fecal leakage or incontinence
• Chronic constipation or straining

If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s important to seek medical evaluation.

Preventive Care and Lifestyle Tips 

While not all cases are preventable, you can lower your risk and protect pelvic floor health by:

• Eating a high-fiber diet to promote regular bowel movements
• Drinking enough water daily
• Avoiding excessive straining during bowel movements
• Exercising regularly to strengthen core and pelvic muscles
• Seeking early treatment for chronic constipation or diarrhea

If you’re experiencing symptoms of rectal prolapse, early evaluation can make a big difference. At NYGA, our gastroenterologists provide expert diagnosis and treatment, from noninvasive options to advanced surgical care. We’ll work with you to create a personalized plan that restores comfort, improves bowel function, and supports long-term digestive health.

Don’t wait. Prioritize your health today.